Under HIPAA, which of the following requires specific written authorization?

Under HIPAA, specific written authorization is required for the use and disclosure of protected health information (PHI) in certain circumstances, particularly in cases related to research and marketing activities. This requirement is in place to ensure that individuals have control over their personal health information and can make informed decisions about how it is used.

When it comes to research, HIPAA has provisions that strictly regulate how PHI can be utilized, especially when the research is not directly related to treatment or healthcare operations. Researchers must obtain explicit consent from individuals to use their health data, safeguarding their privacy and upholding their rights.

Marketing activities fall under a similar umbrella. If an organization plans to use PHI for marketing purposes, it must obtain written authorization from individuals. This is essential to prevent the misuse of sensitive information for commercial gain and to provide individuals with the autonomy to decide if they wish to share their health information for such purposes.

In contrast, basic health data exchanges, emergency medical services, and treatment decisions often fall under the permissible disclosures without the need for specific written authorization as they are considered essential to the provision of care and ensuring the health and safety of individuals.